Abstract
Solar-powered home lighting systems have emerged as a sustainable and cost-effective solution for residential electricity needs, particularly in off-grid and rural areas. This literature review examines the technological developments, emerging trends, and sustainability implications of solar home lighting systems. Key components, including photovoltaic modules, energy storage batteries, inverters, and LED lighting, are analyzed in terms of efficiency, reliability, and affordability. The review also explores innovations such as smart lighting systems, advanced photovoltaic materials, and portable solar solutions, highlighting their potential to enhance energy access and user experience. Furthermore, the environmental, economic, and social sustainability benefits of solar home lighting are discussed, alongside challenges such as high initial costs, variability in solar irradiance, battery disposal, and maintenance requirements. Policy frameworks, incentives, and regulatory standards that promote adoption are emphasized. Finally, future research directions are identified to improve system performance, sustainability, and accessibility. The findings demonstrate that solar-powered home lighting represents a viable and impactful approach to achieving energy security and supporting sustainable development goals.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Eenas Mawloud Abdulqadir Waleed (Author)